Unravelling ADHD: Understanding and Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
- RIJO T MATHEW
- May 27, 2023
- 2 min read
Also called: ADHD, ADD
Overview
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder typically diagnosed in childhood, often persisting into adulthood. It is characterized by patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with functioning or development. Let's delve deeper into understanding ADHD, its types, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and ways to cope.
Types of ADHD
Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: Difficulties with attention, organization, and task completion, with fewer or less serious symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: Symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity are more prominent than inattention symptoms.
Combined Presentation: Both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms are equally present and severe.
ADHD: Statistics in India
In India, ADHD is not uncommon. A study published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry reported that the prevalence rate for ADHD in children aged 4-16 is about 5.29%. However, due to the lack of awareness and stigma associated with mental health disorders, the actual numbers could be higher.
Symptoms of ADHD
Symptoms vary among individuals, but people with ADHD commonly experience:
Difficulty paying attention and easily distracted
Difficulty organizing tasks and activities
Frequently forgetting daily tasks or activities
Fidgeting or squirming
Non-stop talking
Impatience or difficulty waiting their turn
Making decisions impulsively
Diagnosis and Tests
Diagnosis involves a comprehensive evaluation that may include checking medical history, a physical examination, and psychological tests. Clinicians use guidelines defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) to diagnose ADHD. This requires the presence of multiple symptoms before age 12 that are inappropriate for a person’s developmental level and that interfere with their functioning.
Treatment
Treatment for ADHD usually involves a combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes.
Psychotherapy: Behavioral therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) are commonly used. ElloMind, an online therapy platform, provides access to certified therapists skilled in these therapeutic approaches.
Medication: Medications like stimulants, non-stimulants, and certain antidepressants can be used under a doctor's supervision.
Specialists
For diagnosis and treatment of ADHD, you can reach out to:
Psychiatrists: Medical doctors who specialize in mental health, including ADHD.
Psychologists: Professionals specializing in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions.
Living With ADHD: How to Best Cope
Consistent Routine: Structure and regular routines can help manage symptoms.
Physical Activity: Regular exercise can reduce impulsivity and improve concentration.
Healthy Diet: Balanced nutrition can have a positive effect on energy and mood.
Adequate Sleep: Sleep can help improve attention and reduce hyperactive behavior.
Online Therapy: Platforms like ElloMind offer convenient and effective online therapy.
FAQs
Can ADHD be cured?
While there's no cure for ADHD, it can be effectively managed with the right combination of treatments. Many individuals with ADHD lead successful, fulfilling lives.
Can ADHD be diagnosed in adulthood?
Is ADHD overdiagnosed?
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm
Sagar R., Patra B. (2019). Prevalence and pattern of mental disability using Indian disability evaluation assessment scale in a rural community of Karnataka. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 61(Suppl 1): S66–S70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6321774/
Mayo Clinic. (2021). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adhd/symptoms-causes/syc-20350889
We hope this article has enhanced your understanding of ADHD. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms, don't hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional.
Platforms like ElloMind are readily available to provide assistance and therapy options. Remember, there is no shame in seeking help and taking steps towards a healthier mental state. You're not alone, and help is always available.
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